Historical Events
End of the Ottoman Empire
Jul 4 Ottoman Sultan Mehmed VI ascends to the throne
- Jul 9 101 killed and 171 injured in worst US train wreck, Nashville, Tennessee
- Jul 9 US Congress creates Distinguished Service Medal (not to be confused with other countries' decorations of the same name)
- Jul 10 Russian Soviet Federal Socialist Republic forms
- Jul 12 Japanese battleship explodes in Bay of Tokayama, 500 killed
- Jul 15 World War I: Second Battle of Marne begins
- Jul 17 Longest errorless game, Cubs beat Phillies 2-1 in 21 innings
Execution of the Romanovs
Jul 17 The Romanov royal family and several of their retainers are executed by a Bolshevik firing squad in the basement of Ipatiev House, in Yekaterinburg, Siberia
- Jul 18 World War I: US and French forces launch Aisne-Marne offensive
- Jul 19 Washington Senators catcher Eddie Ainsmith applies for draft deferment; Secretary of War, Newton D Baker rules baseball players not draft exempt but later moves date to 1 September; both leagues end regular season 2 September
- Jul 19 World War I: German armies retreat across Marne River in France
- Jul 21 U-156 shells Nauset Beach, in Orleans, Massachusetts
- Jul 22 Lightning kills 504 sheep in Utah's Wasatch National Park
- Jul 25 Annette Adams sworn in as 1st woman district attorney of US, California
- Jul 25 Race riot in Chester Pennsylvania (3 blacks and 2 whites killed)
- Jul 26 Race riot in Philadelphia (3 whites & 1 black killed)
- Jul 27 Socony 200, 1st concrete barge in US, launched to carry oil, NY
Famous Birthdays
- Jul 2 "Sheikh" Imam [Eissa], Egyptian folk and protest singer-songwriter, born in Giza (d. 1995)
- Jul 2 WiBo [Willem Boost], Dutch cartoonist, born in Breda, Netherlands (d. 2005)
- Jul 3 Fred Mulley, British Labour politician, born in Leamington Spa, England (d. 1995)
- Jul 4 Abigail Van Buren [Pauline Phillips], American columnist and radio show host known for "Dear Abby" advice column, twin sister of fellow advice columnist Ann Landers (Eppie Lederer), born in Sioux City, Iowa (d. 2013)
Alec Bedser (1918-2010)
Jul 4 English cricket medium-pace bowler (51 Tests, 236 wickets, BB 7/44; Surrey CCC), born in Reading, England
- Jul 4 Ann Landers [Eppie Lederer], American advice columnist "Ask Ann Landers," twin sister of fellow advice columnist "Dear Abby" (Abigail Van Buren), born in Sioux City, Iowa (d. 2002)
- Jul 4 Buster Davis, American choral director (Garry Moore Show), born in Johnstown, Pennsylvania (d. 1987)
- Jul 4 Johnnie Parsons, American auto racer (Indianapolis 500, 1950; AAA/USAC Championship, 1949), born in Los Angeles, California (d. 1984)
- Jul 4 Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV, King of Tonga (1965-2006), born in Royal Palace, Nuku'alofa, Tonga (d. 2006)
- Jul 5 George Rochberg, American composer (Concord Quartet), born in Paterson, New Jersey (d. 2005)
- Jul 6 Bert Voeten, Dutch journalist and poet (Crossing), born in Breda, Netherlands (d. 1992)
- Jul 6 Eugene List, American concert pianist and teacher (Eastman School of Music), born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (d. 1985)
- Jul 6 Sebastian Cabot, British actor (Kismet; Family Affair - "Mr. French", Time Machine), born in London, England (d. 1977)
- Jul 8 Craig Stevens [Gail Shikles Jr.], American actor (Craig-Dallas, Peter Gunn), born in Liberty, Missouri (d. 2000)
- Jul 9 Herbert Brün, German composer, born in Berlin, Germany (d. 2000)
- Jul 9 Nile Kinnick Jr., American College Football Hall of Fame halfback (Heisman Trophy 1939; University of Iowa), born in Adel, Iowa (d. 1943)
- Jul 9 Rowley Israel Arenstein, South African attorney, communist and activist (under house arrest for 18 years), born in Durban, Natal (d. 1996)
- Jul 11 Venetia Burney [Phair], British woman credited with naming Clyde Tombaugh's discovered planet "Pluto" (1930), born in Oxford, United Kingdom (d. 2009)
Alberto Ascari (1918-1955)
Jul 13 Italian auto racer (World F1 champion 1952, 53), born in Milan, Italy
- Jul 14 Arthur Laurents, American playwright (West Side Story; Gypsy), and screenwriter (Rope; Anastasia), born in New York City (d. 2011)
Ingmar Bergman (1918-2007)
Jul 14 Swedish stage and film director (Cries & Whispers), born in Uppsala, Sweden
- Jul 14 Jay Forrester, Engineer, invented random-access magnetic core memory, born near Anselmo, Nebraska (d. 2016)
- Jul 15 Aubrey Buxton, English TV executive (ITV, created "Survival"), born in Oxford, England (d. 2009)
- Jul 16 Bayani Casimiro, Filipino dancer and actor (Okey Ka Fairy Ko!), born in San Pablo, Laguna, Philippine Islands (d. 1989)
- Jul 16 George Mueller, NASA Systems Engineer (managed 1969 Moon landing), born in St Louis, Missouri (d. 2015)
- Jul 16 William Bishop, American stage and screen actor (Black Eagle; Adventures in Silverado; It's a Great Life), born in Oak Park, Illinois (d. 1959)
- Jul 17 Carlos Manuel Arana Osorio, President of Guatemala (d. 2003)
Nelson Mandela (1918-2013)
Jul 18 South African anti-apartheid activist, political prisoner (1962-90) and President of South Africa (1994-99), born in Mvezo, Umtatu, South Africa
- Jul 20 Cindy Walker, American songwriter ("Dream Baby"; "You Don't Know Me") and country singer, born in Mart, Texas (d. 2006)
- Jul 22 Pim Lier, Dutch lawyer and illegitimate son of Prince Consort Henry, born in The Hague, Netherlands (d. 2015)
- Jul 23 Harold "Pee Wee" Reese, American Baseball HOF shortstop (10 x MLB All-Star; World Series 1955, 59 Brooklyn/LA Dodgers), born in Ekron, Kentucky (d. 1999)
- Jul 24 Ruggiero Ricci, American composer and violinist (Paganini), born in San Francisco, California (d. 2012)
- Jul 25 Jane Frank, American artist, born in Baltimore, Maryland (d. 1986)
- Jul 25 Nan Grey [Eschal Miller], American actress (Three Smart Girls, Dracula's Daughters), born in Houston, Texas (d. 1993)
- Jul 26 Marjorie Lord [Wollenberg], American actress (Make Room for Daddy, Sherlock Holmes in Washington), born in San Francisco, California (d. 2015)
- Jul 27 Eero Sipilä, Finnish composer, born in Hailuoto, Finland (d. 1972)
- Jul 27 Leonard Rose, American concert cellist (New York Philharmonic, 1943-51), born in Washington, D.C. (d. 1984)
- Jul 29 Vladimir Dudintsev, Soviet writer (Not by Bread Alone), born in Kupyansk, Ukraine, Soviet Union (d. 1998)
- Jul 30 Joe Daley, American jazz tenor, clarinet and flute player, born in Salem, Ohio (d. 1994)
- Jul 31 Hank Jones, American jazz pianist, arranger, and composer, born in Vicksburg, Mississippi (d. 2010)
- Jul 31 Paul D. Boyer, American biochemist and Nobel Prize Laureate for research on the "enzymatic mechanism underlying the biosynthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)" (1997), born in Provo, Utah (d. 2018)
Famous Weddings
Duke Ellington
Jul 2 American jazz orchestra bandleader Duke Ellington (19) weds high school sweetheart Edna Thompson in Washington, D.C.
Pablo Picasso
Jul 12 Spanish artist Pablo Picasso (36) weds Russian ballet dancer and muse Olga Khokhlova (27), until her death in 1955
Famous Deaths
- Jul 2 Mehmed V Resjad, Sultan of Turkey (1909-18), dies at 73
- Jul 3 David Alfred Thomas, 1st Viscount Rhondda, Welsh coal-mining entrepreneur, dies at 62
- Jul 3 Mehmed V, 35th Ottoman Sultan (1909-18), dies at 73
- Jul 6 Count von Mirbach, German ambassador to Moscow, dies
- Jul 12 Dragutin Lerman, Croatian explorer, dies at 54
- Jul 12 William McComb, American Brigadier General (Confederate Army), dies at 89
- Jul 14 Quentin Roosevelt, youngest son of United States President Theodore Roosevelt, killed in aerial combat over France on Bastille Day at 20
- Jul 16 José de Diego, Puerto Rican patriot and advocate for Puerto Rico's independence from Spain and the U.S., dies at 52
- Jul 17 Alexandra Feodorovna [Princess Alix of Hesse and by Rhine], last Russian Tsarina (1894-1918), executed by firing squad at 46
Alexei Nikolaevich (1904-1918)
Jul 17 Last Tsarevich of Russia and son of Tsar Nicholas II, executed at 13
- Jul 17 Alexei Trupp, Russian footman and assistant of Tsar Nicholas II, executed at 62
Anastasia Nikolaevna (1901-1918)
Jul 17 Russian Grand Duchess, youngest daughter of Tsar Nicholas II and Tsarina Alexandra Feodorovna, executed at 17 by a group of Bolsheviks
- Jul 17 Anna Demidova, Russian lady in waiting of Tsarina Alexandra, executed at 40
- Jul 17 Eugene Botkin, Russian court physician of Tsar Nicholas II, executed at 53
- Jul 17 Ivan Kharitonov, Russian cook of Tsar Nicholas II, executed around the age of 46
- Jul 17 Maria Nikolaevna Russian Grand Duchess, 3rd daughter of Tsar Nicholas II, executed at 19 by a group of Bolsheviks
Nicholas II (1868-1918)
Jul 17 last Tsar of Russia (1894-1917), executed by a Bolshevik firing squad in Yekaterinburg, Siberia at 50
- Jul 17 Olga Nikolaevna, Russian Grand Duchess, eldest daughter of Tsar Nicholas II, executed at 22 by a group of Bolsheviks
- Jul 17 Tatiana Nikolaevna, Russian Grand Duchess, 2nd daughter of Tsar Nicholas II, executed at 21 by a group of Bolsheviks
- Jul 18 Grand Duchess Elizabeth Fyodorovna (b. 1864)
- Jul 19 Joost van Vollenhoven, Dutch-French colonial administrator (French West Africa) and solider, dies in the Second Battle of the Marne at 40
- Jul 22 Indra Lal Roy, Indian World War I flying ace, dies at 19
- Jul 25 Carlos Guido y Spano, Argentine poet (Mexico, canto epico), dies at 91
- Jul 25 Franny zu Reventlow, German artist and writer, dies at 47
- Jul 26 Eduard "Mick" Mannock, British WW I flying ace (Victoria Cross), killed in action at 31
- Jul 29 Ernest William Christmas, Australian painter (b. 1863)
- Jul 30 Chaim Soloveitchik, Rabbi of Brisk, talmudic scholar, dies
