Historical Events
Federal Income Tax
Oct 3 US Federal income tax signed into law (at 1%) by President Woodrow Wilson
President Yuan Shikai
Oct 10 Yuan Shikai installed as the 1st President of China
- Oct 11 Baseball World Series: Philadelphia A's beat NY Giants, 3-1 at Brush Stadium, NYC; clinch 4-1 series win for 3rd title in 10 years
- Oct 14 Senghenydd Colliery Disaster, the United Kingdom's worst coal mining accident, an explosion claims 439 lives.
- Oct 15 Train crash at St. James' Station, Liverpool during "Black Week" kills six and injures 63
- Oct 16 Booth Theater opens at 222 W 44th St NYC
Pygmalion
Oct 16 George Bernard Shaw's play "Pygmalion" premieres in Hofburg Theatre in Vienna, Austria
Natal Indian Congress
Oct 19 At a meeting of the Natal Indian Congress (NIC) in Durban, NIC secretaries, M. C. Anglia and Dada Osman, severely criticise Mahatma Gandhi and tender their resignations
- Oct 21 Transvaal women satyagrahis begin defiance activities, hawking without licenses in Vereeniging; they cross the Natal border and encourage the miners in Newcastle to strike
- Oct 22 Explosion at Stag Canyon coal mine kills 263 workers, near Dawson, New Mexico, only 23 miners survived
- Oct 24 Joe Tinker fired as Cincinnati Reds manager
Election of Interest
Oct 26 Dictator Victoriano Huerta elected president of Mexico
- Oct 27 In a speech in Mobile, Alabama, President Woodrow Wilson vows the US will "will never again seek one additional foot of territory by conquest" [1]
- Oct 28 "Krazy Kat" comic strip by George Herriman debuts in NY Journal
- Oct 29 Floods in El Salvador kill thousands
- Oct 31 1st US paved coast-to-coast highway, the Lincoln Highway is dedicated
Famous Birthdays
- Oct 1 Hélio Gracie, Brazilian martial artist, co-founder and 'Godfather' of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, born in Belém, Brazil (d. 2009)
- Oct 2 Gene Benson, American baseball outfielder (Negro League All-Star 1940, 45-46), born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (d. 1999)
- Oct 2 Karl Miller, German soccer defender (12 caps; Dresdner SC), born in Hamburg (d. 1967)
- Oct 2 Vivian Ridler, British scholar and printer (Oxford University), born in Cardiff, Wales (d. 2009)
- Oct 5 Eugene B. Fluckey, American Navy submariner, born in Washington, D.C. (d. 2007)
- Oct 5 William Lehman, American politician, born in Selma, Alabama (d. 2005)
- Oct 6 Meret Oppenheim, German born Swiss surrealist artist and photographer (Object: Le Déjeuner en fourrure), born in Berlin, Germany (d. 1985)
- Oct 7 Simon Carmiggelt, Dutch journalist (Het Volk ("The People"); Het Parool ("The Password"), and essayist (Kronkels), born in The Hague, Netherlands (d. 1987)
- Oct 8 Robert Gilruth, American aviation and space pioneer (NASA Director of the Manned Spacecraft Center, 1961-74), born in Nashwauk, Minnesota (d. 2000) [1]
- Oct 8 Walter Schumann, American choral director (Ford Show) and film and television composer (Night Of The Hunter; Dragnet theme), born in New York City (d. 1958)
- Oct 10 Claude Simon, Malagasy-French writer (Nobel Prize Literature 1985), born in Tananarive, Madagascar (d. 2005)
- Oct 10 Johnny Downs, American stage and screen actor, dancer, singer, and TV host, (Our Gang; Swing, Sister, Swing!; The Mad Monster), born in Brooklyn, New York (d. 1994)
- Oct 11 J.J. Pickle, American politician (Rep-D-Texas, 1963-95), born in Big Spring, Texas (d. 2005)
- Oct 14 Ginty Lush, Australian cricketer (NSW quick of the 30's who didn't play for Aust), born in Melbourne, Australia (d. 1985)
- Oct 15 Frances Tustin, English child psychologist, born in Darlington, England (d. 1994)
- Oct 16 Cesar Bresgen, Austrian organist and composer, born in Florence, Italy (d. 1988)
- Oct 18 Evelyn Venable, American model and actress (Death Takes a Holiday, Columbia Pictures logo), born in Cincinnati, Ohio (d. 1993)
- Oct 19 Vasco Pratolini, Italian writer (Le Ragazze di San Frediano), born in Florence, Italy (d. 1991)
- Oct 19 Vinicius de Moraes, Brazilian poet and lyricist, born in Gávea, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (d. 1980)
- Oct 20 (Louis) "Grandpa" Jones, American country music singer and banjo wizard (Hee-Haw), born in Niagra, Kentucky (d. 1998)
- Oct 20 Angelo Ephrikian, Armenian-Italian composer, born in Treviso, Italy (d. 1982)
- Oct 20 Barney Phillips [Bernard Philip Ofner], American actor (Dragnet, Felony Squad), born in St Louis, Missouri (d. 1982)
- Oct 20 Johnny Best, American big band jazz and session trumpeter (Artie Shaw; Glenn Miller), born in Shelby, North Carolina (d. 2003)
- Oct 22 Annette Rogers, American athlete (Olympic gold 4x100m relay 1932, 36), born in Chelsea, Massachusetts (d. 2006)
Bảo Đại (1913-1997)
Oct 22 Vietnamese emperor and chief of state (Annam 1926-1945; State of Vietnam, 1949-1955), born in Hue, French Indochina
- Oct 22 Hans-Peter Tschudi, Swiss Federal Councilor (d. 2002)
- Oct 22 Patricia "Boots" Mallory, American dancer and actress (Handle With Care), born in New Orleans, Louisiana (d. 1958)
Robert Capa (1913-1954)
Oct 22 Hungarian war photographer and photojournalist, born in Budapest, Austria-Hungary
- Oct 24 Molly Hide, English cricketer who captained England for 17 years, born in Shanghai, China (d. 1995)
- Oct 24 Tito Gobbi, Italian baritone, born in Bassano del Grappa (d. 1984)
Klaus Barbie (1913-1991)
Oct 25 German Gestapo chief (Butcher of Lyon), born in Godesberg, German Empire
- Oct 26 Stuart J. Byrne, American sci-fi author (Star Man, God Man), born in Saint Paul, Minnesota (d. 2011)
- Oct 27 Joseph Medicine Crow, Native American chief and historian, born near Lodge Grass, Montana (d. 2013)
- Oct 27 Otto Wichterle, Czech chemist and inventor of the soft contact lens, born in Prostjov, Moravia (d. 1998) [1]
- Oct 28 Cyril Christiani, West Indian cricket wicketkeeper (4 Tests; British Guiana), born in Georgetown, Guyana (d. 1938)
- Oct 28 Peter Glenville, English stage and screen actor and director (Hotel Paradiso, Becket), born in London (d. 1996)
- Oct 29 (Israël) "Eddie" Constantine, American-French singer and actor (Alphaville; License to Kill; Lucky Jo, It Lives Again), born in Los Angeles, California (d. 1993)
- Oct 31 Milton Green, American athlete (WR 45-yard high hurdles 5.8s 1935; WR 60m high hurdles 7.5s 1936), born in Lowell, Massachusetts (d. 2005)
Famous Weddings
- Oct 1 Writer and poet Vita Sackville-West (21) marries diplomat Harold Nicolson (26)
Jim Thorpe
Oct 14 Athlete Jim Thorpe (25) weds Margaret Iva Miller at St. Patrick's Catholic Church in Carlisle, Pennsylvania
Beatrix Potter
Oct 15 Author Beatrix Potter (47) weds solicitor William Heelis at St Mary Abbots in Kensington, London
Will Durant
Oct 31 Historian and philosopher Will Durant (27) weds researcher Ariel Kaufman (15) at New York's City Hall
Famous Deaths
- Oct 1 Eugene O'Keefe, Canadian businessman and brewer (O'Keefe Brewery Company of Toronto Limited), dies at 85
- Oct 5 Hans von Bartels, German painter (b. 1856)
- Oct 10 Adolphus Busch, German-born American brewer (Anheuser-Busch), dies at 74
- Oct 10 Katsura Taro, Japanese general and politician (Prime Minister of Japan 1901-1906, 1908-1911, 1912-1913), dies of cancer at 65
- Oct 20 Daniel David Palmer, Canadian founder of chiropractic (1897 Palmer School of Chiropractic), dies of typhoid fever at 68
- Oct 20 Leander Schlegel, Dutch composer and pianist, dies at 69
- Oct 23 Edwin Klebs, German physician and bacteriologist (bacterial theory of infection, diphtheria bacillus), dies at 79
- Oct 24 Isabel Barrows, American editor and penologist (Conference on Negro Question), dies at 68
- Oct 31 William Evans-Gordon, British politician (b. 1857)
